Hybrid Cars

Combination of an electric motor with a combustion engine.
Hybrid cars.

On the road today can we meet much more solutions to help protect the world
around us from harmful factors associated with the operation of combustion engines.
Hybrid cars were created as the first series produced and sold, recognized as environmentally friendly vehicles.
Because hybrid cars are a combination of well-known design of the internal combustion engine with an electric motor.
Fusion of these two solutions to significantly reduce fuel consumption by as much decreased emission of harmful gases.
After all, hybrid cars still use and have used to a greater extent the petrol engine and the electric motor has only a function of "boosters".
With the development of technology, assembled electric motors are becoming more efficient and through the use of energy regeneration techniques such as heat generated during braking, batteries are charged, so that the combustion unit can be more relieved during work, thanks to which fuel consumption is even lower.

Present hybrid cars

            The first series of hybrid cars sold were Toyota Prius, their mass production was begin in 1997 in Japan.
Global sales began in 2000. Practically parallel to the production of the Toyota Prius, Honda Insight was built since 1999.
Cars had very low fuel consumption at that time:

Toyota Prius:
 

• 4,5 l/100km (city)

• 4,2 l/100km (route)

 Honda Insight:

• 3,9 l/100km (city)

• 3,5 l/100km (route)

            In 1997, Audi introduced the third generation of Audi Duo, built on the market
A4 B5 Avant. Unfortunately, low demand on the European market meant that it had been produced only 60 cars,
and only in 2008 was founded another European production hybrid - the Audi Q7 Hybrid.

Hybrid cars, technology

            The task of the electric drive is to reduce fuel consumption or increase the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.
The method and degree of use of electric motors varies between vehicles. Hybrid vehicles are built as cars, trucks, tractors and hybrid buses.

Division due to drive configuration:

• Hybrid parallel drive:

The internal combustion engine and electric motor are mechanically connected to the drive wheels.
The car can only be powered by an internal combustion engine, only electric or both.

• Serial hybrid drive

Hybrid cars are driven directly only by an electric motor, and the internal combustion engine is used to drive the generator as the power source
for the electric motor and to charge the battery. A set of batteries in this system is usually much larger, which is also much more expensive.

• Mixed hybrid drive:

It is the most efficient solution, combines the advantages of both of the above drives. The dominant producer of this application is Toyota, and the most common hybrid cars using this solution is the Toyota Prius.